مجموعه Study English سری اول – قسمت ۲۲

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متن ترانسکریپت ویدیوی مجموعه Study English سری اول – قسمت ۲۲

Hello. I’m Margot Politis. Welcome to another

episode of Study English, IELTS preparation.

Today we’re going to listen to a finance report.

It’s filled with numbers and amounts, expressed

in a variety of ways.

It’s important to be able to understand and

describe numerical data using decimals, fractions

and currencies.

Listen to the day’s finance report.

The Australian dollar, today Tuesday the 11th

of November, continues to rise against the

US dollar, buying just over 70 cents, a 15

year high.

Against other currencies, however, the trend

is a little different, falling against the

pound, closing at 0.425, a slight drop on

yesterday, and 0.61 euros. The yen is also

strengthening at 71.95, and considerably higher

against the greenback at 111.03 yen.

The Dow Jones Index closed today at 9809.79,

a fall of 47.18 on yesterday’s trading.

The Sydney Stock Market doubled its trading

yesterday with BHP Billiton trading heavily.

The latest retail figures showed that turnover

grew by 3.2% in the June quarter, the fastest

quarterly growth rate for five and a half

years. At the same time, unemployment fell

to its lowest level in twelve and a half years.

OK, first we’re going to look at decimals,

and how you express them. Listen carefully

again.

Against other currencies, however, the trend

is a little different, falling against the

pound, closing at 0.425, a slight drop on

yesterday, and 0.61 euros. The yen is also

strengthening at 71.95, and considerably higher

against the greenback at 111.03 yen.

The Dow Jones Index closed today at 9809.79,

a fall of 47.18 on yesterday’s trading.

In English, decimals are written with a point,

not a comma.

So we write 4.25, 6.1.

When you say the numbers after the decimal

point, you say them all separately, as individual

numbers.

So we have:

seventy one point nine five

forty seven point one eight

nine thousand eight hundred and nine point

seven nine

Notice that a zero is often spoken as ‘oh’.

Practice saying these numbers:

three hundred and twenty six point oh one

four point eight nine seven

nine hundred and two point three oh eight

Listen again:

Against other currencies, however, the trend

is a little different, falling against the

pound, closing at 0.425, a slight drop on

yesterday, and 0.61 euros. The yen is also

strengthening at 71.95, and considerably higher

against the greenback at 111.03 yen.

The Dow Jones Index closed today at 9809.79,

a fall of 47.18 on yesterday’s trading.

The Sydney Stock Market doubled its trading

yesterday with BHP Billiton trading heavily.

You can hear that when using numbers, there

are often alternatives, and many choices you

can make.

So conversationally, we would usually say

one hundred and eleven point oh three, but

will also often hear one hundred and eleven

point zero three.

Here, we could say:

zero point four two five

nought point four two five

or even just point four two five

Notice that in North America, people usually

say zero, not nought or ‘oh’.

OK, now the other way of expressing numbers

less than one is using fractions.

Listen to the fractions here.

The latest retail figures showed that turnover

grew by 3.2% in the June quarter, the fastest

quarterly growth rate for five and a half

years. At the same time, unemployment fell

to its lowest level in twelve and a half years.

She uses the most common fraction – a half.

Listen to how we say common fractions:

a half

a third

a quarter

two thirds

five eights

three quarters

Notice that once you understand the pattern,

you can express any fraction you want.

Try these:

seven eighteenths

16 thirtieths

14 fortieths

OK, now listen again to some of the report.

Listen for different currencies:

Against other currencies, however, the trend

is a little different, falling against the

pound, closing at 0.425, a slight drop on

yesterday, and 0.61 euros. The yen is also

strengthening at 71.95, and considerably higher

against the greenback at 111.03 yen.

There were a number of different currencies

mentioned in that clip:

the pound; the euro;

the yen; the greenback.

Let’s have a look at them.

Lots of countries use a dollar.

In Australia, the Australian dollar is usually

expressed with the dollar sign.

But internationally, it’s written like this

AUD. We read this the Australian dollar.

In United States, they use the dollar as well.

It’s the USD, the United States dollar. But

often called the greenback, because it’s green.

In Great Britain they use the pound. It is

written GBP, but it’s often called the pound

sterling.

In the European Union, they use the euro dollar,

written like this – EUR.

In Japan, it’s the yen, written JPY.

In China, it’s the yuan, written CNY, and

the renminbi, RMB.

Notice that we write the currency before the

number, but we say it after the number.

So we read:

two dollars.

or four pounds fifteen.

Notice also how we read longer numbers:

three thousand, four hundred and seventy Japanese

yen

one hundred and ninety two Australian dollars

Notice that when spoken naturally the one

often becomes ‘a’ and the ‘and’ becomes squashed.

We don’t say one hundred and ninety two but

a hundred n ninety two.

Try this one:

a hundred and twenty seven thousand, three

hundred and twenty two Hong Kong dollars

OK, now let’s listen to the report again,

and then we’ll look at another important use

of numbers.

The Australian dollar, today Tuesday the 11th

of November, continues to rise against the

US dollar, buying just over 70 cents, a 15

year high.

Notice that she says Tuesday the 11th of November.

Saying simple things like the date can be

confusing in English, as the way they’re said

varies.

In Australia, we say the 11th of November,

or November the 11th. Notice that it’s written

without the words ‘the’, or ‘of’.

For the 13th of February 2005, Australians

would write this: 13.05.2005.

But in North America, they’d write it: 02.13.2005.

You’ll need to learn these to make sure you

don’t turn up somewhere on the wrong day!

So remember that in Australia they write the

date: day dot month dot year,

but in North America, they write: month dot

day dot year.

And there is an international standard that

says the format should be: year dot month

dot day.

With numbers, dates, times, there are all

sorts of variations. Just make sure you understand

the currency, the time and the date, or you

could find yourself in all sorts of trouble!

And I’ll see you soon for more Study English!

Bye bye.

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